{"id":2006,"date":"2025-04-09T10:51:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T09:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/?p=2006"},"modified":"2025-07-18T11:47:59","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T10:47:59","slug":"paths-to-peace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/paths-to-peace\/","title":{"rendered":"Paths to Peace: Grassroots Activism in Northern Ireland and Eire"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2006\" class=\"elementor elementor-2006\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d3239d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4d3239d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37cf6b7\" data-id=\"37cf6b7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e033ffe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e033ffe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paving-the-path-header-Impact-Northumbria-University-1024x417.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2026\" alt=\"An anti-violence demonstration from 1993 in Belfast city centre. Photograph by Kevin Cooper, the project explores the importance of civil society to the Northern Ireland peace process\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paving-the-path-header-Impact-Northumbria-University-1024x417.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paving-the-path-header-Impact-Northumbria-University-300x122.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paving-the-path-header-Impact-Northumbria-University-768x313.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Paving-the-path-header-Impact-Northumbria-University.jpg 1170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69a65fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69a65fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Project summary<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b541f1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b541f1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This project focuses on the historic importance of grassroots civil society activists to the Northern Ireland peace process (1989\u201398), while offering frameworks and support for continued cross-community dialogue and cooperation dedicated towards greater social integration.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>By engaging with a wide range of grassroots activists and organisations from the trade unions, churches, the arts, and community organizations, the project has helped increase public appreciation of the historical <em>and<\/em> present-day work of civil society groups in facilitating peace and reconciliation efforts across Northern Ireland and with Eire.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Full project title<\/h3>\n<p>Paths to Peace: Civil Society, History and Reconciliation in Northern Ireland\u00a0<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0102262 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0102262\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-user-edit\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fac84c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6fac84c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lead author<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78fdd21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78fdd21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.northumbria.ac.uk\/about-us\/our-staff\/p\/connal-parr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr Connal Parr<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12dd196 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"12dd196\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-star\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a3ecc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a3ecc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Project highlights<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf4fb19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf4fb19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>public engagement and commemorative events (\u2018Witness Seminar\u2019 on the Peace Train Organisation in March 2023<\/li>\n<li>a public conference on civil society and the peace process in April 2023<\/li>\n<li>Exhibition at Linen Hall, Belfast, March 2025<\/li>\n<li>launch of a new literary periodical (<em>New Isles Press<\/em>) dedicated to breaking down borders between south and north in Ireland, as well as between different cultural traditions; significant international media profile providing expert commentary on contemporary Irish politics and civil society\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/video\/20230411-new-ireland-on-the-cards-campaign-in-full-gear-yet-push-for-reunification-remains-skin-deep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New Ireland \u2018on the cards\u2019? \u2018Campaign in full gear\u2019, yet push for reunification remains \u2018skin deep\u2019<\/a> \u2013 France24.com -11th April 2023<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/president.ie\/en\/diary\/details\/president-receives-dr-connal-parr-lecturer-in-history-northumbria-university-on-a-courtesy-call\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">President of Ireland receives Dr Connal Parr, Lecturer in History, Northumbria University, on a courtesy call<\/a> \u2013 President of Ireland\u2019s website \u2013 26th Nov, 2021<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linenhall.com\/event\/exhibition-launch-at-the-crossroads-the-campaign-for-civil-rights-in-northern-ireland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exhibition Launch event &#8220;At the Crossroads: The Campaign for Civil Rights in Northern Ireland&#8221;<\/a> &#8211; at the Linen Hall, Belfast Spring 2025<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/feed\/update\/urn:li:activity:7309967258066325506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Learning from messy Northern Ireland civil rights campaign<\/a> \u2013 Shared Future News\u2019 Post on LinkedIn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-901f776 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"901f776\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=78f0iY1ksNg&amp;t=282s&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d19d11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d19d11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Will I Be Heard? Trauma, Healing, Stories \u2013 panel 1 from Paving the Path to Peace Conference<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-628b8c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"628b8c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Image gallery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33f4797 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33f4797\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BW-pasted481-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2003\" alt=\"An anti-violence demonstration from 1993 in Belfast city centre. Photograph by Kevin Cooper the project explores the importance of civil society to the Northern Ireland peace process\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BW-pasted481-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BW-pasted481-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/BW-pasted481-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">An anti-violence demonstration from 1993 in Belfast city centre. Photograph by Kevin Cooper<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b65f50c elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b65f50c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-handshake\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a247d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a247d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Partners and Sponsors<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b14a41b gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"b14a41b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-2006 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Fellowship-of-Messines-Association-logo-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"The Fellowship of the Messines Association logo\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Fellowship-of-Messines-Association-logo-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Fellowship-of-Messines-Association-logo-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Fellowship-of-Messines-Association-logo.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3582'>\n\t\t\t\tThe Fellowship of\u2028 Messines Association\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Irish-Department-of-Foreign-Affairs-logo-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Irish Department of Foriegn Affairs and Trade logo\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3584\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Irish-Department-of-Foreign-Affairs-logo-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Irish-Department-of-Foreign-Affairs-logo-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Irish-Department-of-Foreign-Affairs-logo.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3584'>\n\t\t\t\tIrish Department of Foriegn Affairs and Trade\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/international-fund-for-Ireland-logo-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"International Fund for Ireland logo - one of our collaborative research partners\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-4276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/international-fund-for-Ireland-logo-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/international-fund-for-Ireland-logo-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/international-fund-for-Ireland-logo.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-4276'>\n\t\t\t\tInternational Fund for Ireland\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/William-Temple-Foundation-logo-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"William Temple Foundation logo - one of our collaborative research partners\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/William-Temple-Foundation-logo-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/William-Temple-Foundation-logo-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/William-Temple-Foundation-logo.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3591'>\n\t\t\t\tWilliam Temple Foundation\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Yellow-House-Press-logo-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Yellow House Press logo\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-3593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Yellow-House-Press-logo-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Yellow-House-Press-logo-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Yellow-House-Press-logo.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-3593'>\n\t\t\t\tYellow House Press\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c15939b elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c15939b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-puzzle-piece\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3711a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3711a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Project classification<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59e2120 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59e2120\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Paths to Peace<\/strong> is a <a href=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/tag\/history\/\">History<\/a> project. It belongs to the following research clusters:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fa265d elementor-icon-list--layout-inline elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"1fa265d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items elementor-inline-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/category\/education\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chalkboard-teacher\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Education<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/category\/policy\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-certificate\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Policy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a2186b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5a2186b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a1582f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3a1582f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"fullwidth\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9a7f74\" data-id=\"c9a7f74\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d59003d elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d59003d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f9f032\" data-id=\"4f9f032\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d2a87f elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6d2a87f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-mail-bulk\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ac0522 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ac0522\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Want to put our research in YOUR world?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe14ab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe14ab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"x_MsoNormal\" data-olk-copy-source=\"MessageBody\"><strong>Staff in Humanities and Social Sciences at Northumbria University work with a wide variety of external institutions, organisations, and individuals and we are always keen to develop new partnerships and collaborations.<\/strong><\/p><p>So, if you think there would be a benefit in working with us, or that our research expertise might be of use in your project or organisation, please\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hosting.northumbria.ac.uk\/knowledge-exchange\/get-in-touch\/\">get in touch<\/a>\u00a0to start the conversation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8795856 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8795856\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-mail-bulk\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Get in touch<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dccdc9 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0dccdc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef6bdb0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef6bdb0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6360c89\" data-id=\"6360c89\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Project summary This project focuses on the historic importance of grassroots civil society activists to the Northern Ireland peace process [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":2003,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,29,15],"tags":[9],"class_list":["post-2006","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-projects","category-education","category-policy","tag-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Paths to Peace: Grassroots Activism in Northern Ireland and Eire - Knowledge Exchange<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This project focuses on the historic importance of grassroots activists and civil society to the Northern Ireland peace process (1989\u201398)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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